java 中的 java.net.URL 类
原文:https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/java-net-url-class-in-java/
网址是统一资源定位器的缩写。它是定位 www (万维网)中资源的指针。资源可以是任何东西，从一个简单的文本文件到任何其他像图像，文件目录等。
典型的网址可能如下所示
http://www.example.com:80/index.html
该网址有以下几个部分:
- 协议:在这种情况下，协议是 HTTP，在某些情况下可以是 HTTPS
- 主机名:主机名代表资源所在机器的地址，在本例中为www.example.com
- 端口号:这是一个可选属性。如果未指定，则返回-1。在上面的例子中，端口号是 80。
- 资源名称:它是位于给定服务器上的我们想要查看的资源的名称
你可以在这里了解更多网址。
网址的类结构如下所示:
public final class java.net.URL extends java.lang.Object
以下是网址类提供的构造函数。
| 构造函数 | 解释 | | --- | --- | | 中文 URL(URL 字符串) | This constructor is derived from the given string representation. | | Public URL(String protocol, String host, int port, String file) | This constructor creates an object of URL from the specified protocol, host, port number and file. | | Public URL(String protocol, String host, String file) | This constructor creates an object of URL from the specified protocol, port number and file. In this case, the default port number is used. | | 中文 URL(URL 979，src 字符串) | This constructor creates an instance of the URL by parsing the given src using the specified handler in the given context. |URL 类提供的方法:
| way | explain | | --- | --- | | 等于(对象对象) | This method compares this URL with another object equally. | | [getAuthority()](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-getauthority-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method gets the permission part of this URL. | | getContent() | This method gets the contents of this URL. | | 获取内容(类【】类) | This method gets the contents of this URL. | | [getDefaultPort（）](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-getdefaultport-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method gets the default port number of the protocol associated with this URL. | | get file() | This method gets the file name of this URL. | | get host() | This method gets the host name of this URL, if applicable. | | [获取路径（）](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-getpath-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method gets the path part of this URL. | | [getPort()](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-getport-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method gets the port number of this URL. | | [获取协议（）](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-getprotocol-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method gets the protocol name of this URL. | | [获取查询（）](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-getquery-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method gets the query part of this URL. | | [getRef（）](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-getref-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method gets the anchor point (also known as "reference") of this URL. | | [获取 seriinfo()](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-getuserinfo-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method gets the UserInfo part of this URL. | | hashCode() | This method creates an integer suitable for hash table index. | | openConnection() | This method returns a URLConnection instance that represents the connection to the remote object referenced by the URL. | | openConnection(代理代理) | Same as openConnection (), except that the connection will be made through the specified proxy; Protocol handlers that do not support proxy will ignore proxy parameters and establish normal connection. | | openStream() | This method opens a connection to this URL and returns an InputStream to read from the connection. | | [同一文件(网址其他)](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-samefile-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method compares two URLs, excluding fragment components. | | 设置(字符串协议、字符串主机、int 端口、字符串文件、字符串引用) | This method sets the fields of the URL. | | 设置(字符串协议、字符串主机、int 端口、字符串权限、字符串用户信息、字符串路径、字符串查询、字符串引用) | This method sets the specified 8 fields of the URL. | | seturlstreamhandler factory(urlstreamhandler factory fac) | This method sets the URLStreamHandlerFactory of the application. | | [至外部形状()](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-toexternalform-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method constructs the string representation of this URL. | | toString() | This method constructs a string representation of this URL. | | [toURI()](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/url-touri-method-in-java-with-examples/) | This method returns a URI equivalent to this URL. |示范 1
在本演示中，我们将为给定的字符串网址创建一个网址类对象，并为给定的网址打印主机名、协议、文件名和端口号。
Java 语言(一种计算机语言，尤用于创建网站)
// importing package required
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Scanner;
class GFG {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String url
= "https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/variables-in-java/";
// Calling method to get URL info
getUrlInfo(url);
}
static void getUrlInfo(String url_string)
{
// Creating object of URL class
try {
URL url = new URL(url_string);
System.out.println("Hostname: "
+ url.getHost());
System.out.println("Port Number: "
+ url.getPort());
System.out.println("File name: "
+ url.getFile());
System.out.println("Protocol: "
+ url.getProtocol());
}
catch (Exception e) {
}
}
}
Output
Hostname: www.geeksforgeeks.org
Port Number: -1
File name: /variables-in-java/
Protocol: https
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