用于层次继承的 C# 程序
原文:https://www . geeksforgeeks . org/c-sharp-program-to-design-over-concept/
继承是面向对象编程的一个基本方面。超类，也称为基类，是其成员被继承的类，而子类，也称为派生类，是从超类继承的类。它们也分别称为父类和子类。就像孩子继承父母的特质，父母继承前辈的特质一样，编程语言中的继承也是如此。
分级继承
就技术术语和面向对象方面而言，这是一种将特性从父类传输到基类、子类或子类的方式。父类或超类是从中获取属性的类，即继承了特性。层次继承描述了一个父类被多个子类继承的情况。从单个父类或基类继承多个类的继承类型称为层次继承。基类与父类共享许多相同的属性，尤其是那些在父类中常见的属性。一个基类产生许多类。这就像有几个孩子，每个孩子都有自己从父母那里获得的一套特征。例如，在下图中，类 A 充当子类 B、C 和 d 的基类(父类)
例 1:
以下示例中的基类是父类，派生类是子级第一和子级第二。我们已经从两个派生类中创建了对象，并且正在调用同一个基类函数。
C
// C# program to illustrate the above concept
using System;
// Base Class
public class Father
{
public string FatherName()
{
return "Ravi";
}
}
// Derived Class
public class ChildFirst : Father
{
public string ChildDName()
{
return "Rohan";
}
}
// Derived Class
public class ChildSecond : Father
{
public string ChildDName()
{
return "Nikhil";
}
}
class GFG{
static public void Main()
{
ChildFirst first = new ChildFirst();
// Displaying Child Name and Father Name for
// ChildFirst
Console.WriteLine("My name is " + first.ChildDName() +
". My father name is " +
first.FatherName() + ".");
ChildSecond second = new ChildSecond();
// Displaying Child Name and Father Name for
// ChildSecond
Console.WriteLine("My name is " + second.ChildDName() +
". My father name is " +
second.FatherName() + ".");
}
}
Output
My name is Rohan. My father name is Ravi.
My name is Nikhil. My father name is Ravi.
例 2:
在下面的代码中，我们创建了三个类:个人、教师和医生。在这个例子中，Person 类被教师类和医生类继承。每个类中的构造函数都用于初始化数据成员。然后我们创建了教师和医生对象，并使用教师详细信息()和医生详细信息()分别为教师和医生生成信息。
C
// C# program to illustrate the above concept
using System;
// Base Class
class Person
{
public string name;
public int aadhar_id;
public int age;
public Person(int aadhar_id, int age, string name)
{
this.aadhar_id = aadhar_id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
}
// Derived Class
class Teacher : Person
{
public int teacher_salary;
public Teacher(int aadhar_id, int salary,
string name, int age) : base(aadhar_id,
age, name)
{
teacher_salary = salary;
}
public void TeacherDetails()
{
Console.WriteLine("teacher ID: " + aadhar_id);
Console.WriteLine("teacher Name: " + name);
Console.WriteLine("teacher Salary: " + teacher_salary);
Console.WriteLine("teacher Age: " + age);
}
}
// Derived Class
class Doctor : Person
{
public int doctor_fees;
public Doctor(int aadhar_id, int fees,
string name, int age) : base(aadhar_id,
age, name)
{
doctor_fees = fees;
}
public void DoctorDetails()
{
Console.WriteLine("Doctor ID: " + aadhar_id);
Console.WriteLine("Doctor Name: " + name);
Console.WriteLine("Doctor Fees: " + doctor_fees);
Console.WriteLine("Doctor Age: " + age);
}
}
class GFG{
static public void Main()
{
// Creating objects
Teacher t = new Teacher(25054, 50000, "Sanjay", 28);
Doctor d = new Doctor(25045, 750, "Rohit", 32);
t.TeacherDetails();
Console.WriteLine(
"-----------------------------------");
d.DoctorDetails();
}
}
Output
teacher ID: 25054
teacher Name: Sanjay
teacher Salary: 50000
teacher Age: 28
-----------------------------------
Doctor ID: 25045
Doctor Name: Rohit
Doctor Fees: 750
Doctor Age: 32
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