在 Golang 中命名函数的返回值
返回值有助于在执行其主体中给出的指令后保留函数的最终输出。Golang 中的函数在返回值方面表现出多样性，并依赖程序员来决定是否命名它们。 Golang 引入了“裸返回”的概念，允许使用 Return 关键字，而无需在函数体中明确说明返回值，前提是返回值在函数头中声明。但是，变量名必须与函数头中定义的相同。
package main
import "fmt"
// This function returns a string message by taking a parameter
// "name" of string type. The Naked return concept is being
// displayed here since the return statement not specify the return
// of message variable. The returning of the message variable
// has already being defined
func greeting(name string) (message string) {
// Since the variable is already
// defined in function variable
// there is no need to declare it
// again in the function body
// using " := " operator.
// The name "message" must be same as
// the one declared in the function header.
message = "Hello, " + name
// This statement returns message variable
// without explicitly stating its name
return
}
// Driver code
func main() {
// The return value of greeting
// function is stored in msg variable
msg := greeting("GFG")
// Printing output
fmt.Println(msg)
}
输出:
Hello, GFG
此外，函数可以返回一个变量，而无需在函数头中指定其名称，只需指定其数据类型。
package main
import "fmt"
// This function returns a string datatype
// Since the return variable is not
// defined in the function header,
// There is an explicit need to specify
// the variable to return
func greeting(name string) string {
message := "Hello, " + name
return message
}
// Driver code
func main() {
msg := greeting("GFG")
fmt.Println(msg)
}
输出:
Hello, GFG
一个函数也可以返回多个值并接收多个参数。但是，要使用返回多个值的函数，函数返回的变量数必须等于函数执行完成时保存返回值的变量数。
package main
import "fmt"
// The below function returns four
// variables after performing operations
// on the two parameters that were passed to it
func operations(a, b int) (sum, diff, prod, div int) {
// The four variables to be returned are defined here
sum, diff, prod, div = a+b, a-b, a*b, a/b
// returning the above-defined four variables.
return
}
// Driver code
func main() {
a, b := 5, 3
// Since the function returns four values,
// Four receiver variables must be used.
sum, diff, prod, div := operations(a, b)
fmt.Println(sum, diff, prod, div)
}
输出:
8 2 15 1
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