如何和 MySQL 一起使用 Go？
MySQL 是一个基于结构化查询语言(SQL)的开源关系数据库管理系统。它是一个关系数据库，将数据组织到一个或多个表中，这些表中的数据相互关联。
数据库驱动程序:数据库驱动程序实现数据库连接的协议。驱动程序就像一个适配器，连接到特定数据库的通用接口。
初始设置:
启动 MySQL 服务器，使用以下命令安装 go MySQL 驱动程序。
go get -u github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql
创建数据库对象:
用 sql.Open 创建一个数据库对象。没有与 MySQL 建立连接，而是只创建一个数据库对象，供以后使用。
db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "<user>:<password>@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/<database-name>")
如果在默认端口上没有使用 MySQL，请替换 3306。
去
package main
import (
"database/sql"
"fmt"
_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)
func main() {
// create a database object which can be used
// to connect with database.
db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:passwd@tcp(0.0.0.0:3306)/user")
// handle error, if any.
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// Now its time to connect with oru database,
// database object has a method Ping.
// Ping returns error, if unable connect to database.
err = db.Ping()
// handle error
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Print("Pong\n")
// database object has a method Close,
// which is used to free the resource.
// Free the resource when the function
// is returned.
defer db.Close()
}
输出:
图 1.1
执行数据库查询:可以用 Exec()和 Query()进行数据库查询。
1。使用 SQL 查询和 Exec()创建数据库表。
去
package main
import (
"database/sql"
"fmt"
_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)
func main() {
// create a database object which can be used
// to connect with database.
db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:passwd@tcp(0.0.0.0:3306)/user")
// handle error, if any.
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// database object has a method called Exec,
// it executes a database query, but it does
// not return any row as result.
// Here we create a database table with a SQL query.
_, err = db.Exec("CREATE TABLE user(id INT NOT NULL, name VARCHAR(20),
PRIMARY KEY (ID));")
// handle error
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Print("Successfully Created\n")
// database object has a method Close,
// which is used to free the resource.
// Free the resource when the function
// is returned.
defer db.Close()
}
输出:
2。用查询()中的 SQL 查询在数据库表中插入一行。
去
package main
import (
"database/sql"
"fmt"
_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)
func main() {
// create a database object which can be used
// to connect with database.
db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:passwd@tcp(0.0.0.0:3306)/user")
// handle error, if any.
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// database object has a method called Query,
// It can execute a SQL query and return rows
// as result. Here we insert a row into the table,
// no row returned as result for this operation.
_, err = db.Query("INSERT INTO user VALUES(1,'sam')")
// handle error
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Print("Successfully Inserted\n")
// database object has a method Close,
// which is used to free the resource.
// Free the resource when the function
// is returned.
defer db.Close()
}
输出:
3。使用 query()中的 SQL 查询返回用户表中的所有行。
去
package main
import (
"database/sql"
"fmt"
_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)
func main() {
// create a database object which can be
// used to connect with database.
db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:passwd@tcp(0.0.0.0:3306)/user")
// handle error, if any.
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// Here a SQL query is used to return all
// the data from the table user.
result, err := db.Query("SELECT * FROM user")
// handle error
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// the result object has a method called Next,
// which is used to iterate through all returned rows.
for result.Next() {
var id int
var name string
// The result object provided Scan method
// to read row data, Scan returns error,
// if any. Here we read id and name returned.
err = result.Scan(&id, &name)
// handle error
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Printf("Id: %d Name: %s\n", id, name)
}
// database object has a method Close,
// which is used to free the resource.
// Free the resource when the function
// is returned.
defer db.Close()
}
输出:
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