Java 中的控制抽象，示例
原文:https://www . geesforgeks . org/control-abstraction-in-Java-with-examples/
我们的目标是理解和实现 Java 中的控制抽象。在直接跳到控制抽象之前，让我们理解什么是抽象。
抽象:简单来说，抽象绝不是只向用户显示系统的基本特征，而不涉及其细节。例如，一辆汽车及其功能被描述给买方，司机也学习如何使用方向盘和加速器驾驶，但发动机的内部机制不会显示给买方。要阅读更多关于抽象的内容，请参考这里的。
在抽象上，有两种类型: 数据抽象和控制抽象。
数据抽象，简单来说就是创建复杂的数据类型，但是只给出最基本的操作。
控制抽象:这是指抽象的软件部分，其中程序被简化，不必要的执行细节被移除。
以下是 关于控制抽象的要点:
- Control abstraction follows the basic rules of DRY code, which means don't repeat yourself. Using functions in programs is the best example of control abstraction.
- Abstraction can be used to build new functions and combine control statements into a unit.
- It is the basic feature of all high-level languages, not just java.
- Higher-order functions, closures and lambdas are several prerequisites for controlling abstraction.
- More emphasis is placed on how to realize specific functions, rather than describing every detail.
- Constitute the main unit of structured programming.
控制流的一个简单算法:
- Get resources first.
- Then execute the block.
- As soon as the control leaves the block, the resource is closed.
示例:
Java
// Abstract class
abstract class Vehicle {
// Abstract method (does not have a body)
public abstract void VehicleSound();
// Regular method
public void honk() { System.out.println("honk honk"); }
}
// Subclass (inherit from Vehicle)
class Car extends Vehicle {
public void VehicleSound()
{
// The body of VehicleSound() is provided here
System.out.println("kon kon");
}
}
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Create a Car object
Car myCar = new Car();
myCar.VehicleSound();
myCar.honk();
}
}
输出
kon kon
honk honk
控制抽象最大的优势是它让代码更干净，也更安全。
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